Chapter 1 - The past environment of Happing.
1 Murphy P, 'Pre-Norman vegetation changes and woodland clearance', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Witley Press: 20.
2 Shennan I & Andrews J, 'Holocene land-sea interaction and environmental change around the western North Sea', 2000, Geological Society Special report number 166: 309.
3 Barringer C, 'Aspects of East Anglian Pre-History', 1984, Geo Books: 16.
4 Shennan I & Andrews J, 'Holocene land-sea interaction and environmental change around the western North Sea', 2000, Geological Society Special report number 166: 295.
5 Steers J, 'The Coast-line of England and Wales', 1964, Cambridge University Press: 375/6.
6 Funnell B, 'Recent Geology', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Witley Press: 16.
7 Rainbird-Clarke R, 'East Anglia', 1960, London Press: 18.
8 Davis J, 'The Iron Age and Roman Periods', A Festival of Norfolk Archaeology, 1996, Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society: 21.
9 Rainbird-Clarke R, 'East Anglia', 1960, London Press: 20.
10 Personal comment by Professor C Vincent at the School of Environmental Science at the University of East Anglia.
11 Steers J, 'The Coast-line of England and Wales', 1964, Cambridge University Press: 376 & 379.
12 Moss B, 'The Broads', 2001,Haper Collins: 51.
13 Oxenedes J, 'Chronica de Johannes de Oxenedes', 2003, Elibron Classics: 270.
14 Steers J, 'The Coast-line of England and Wales', 1964, Cambridge University Press: 378.
15 Whites Directory of Norfolk, Happing, 1845, Norfolk Record Office.
Chapter 2 - Prehistoric Happing.
1. Robinson B, 'Norfolk Origins 1: Hunters to first Farmers', 1981, Acorn editions: 11.
2 Wymer J, 'The Palaeolithic Period', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Witley Press: 22.
3 Barringer C, 'Aspects of East Anglian Pre-History', 1984, Geo Books: 159.
4 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 34-36.
5 Davis J, 'The Iron Age and Roman Periods', A Festival of Norfolk Archaeology, 1996, Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society: 22 & 24.
Chapter 3 - Roman Happing.
1 Williamson T, 'The Norfolk Broads', 1997, Manchester University Press: 18.
2 Davis J, 'The Iron Age and Roman Periods' and Gurney D, 'The Saxon Shore in Norfolk', A Festival of Norfolk Archaeology, 1996, Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society: 26 & 34.
3 Gurney D, 'The Saxon Shore in Norfolk', A Festival of Norfolk Archaeology, 1996, Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society: 26 & 34.
4 Rose E, 'Wayford Bridge Smallburgh', East Anglian Archaeology volume III, 1997: 23-27.
5 British Museum, Dawson Turner collection, 1830.
6 Warner P, 'The Origins of Suffolk', 1996, Manchester University Press: 57.
Chapter 4 - Happing during the Dark Ages.
1 Lawson A, 'The Archaeology of Witton', 1983, East Anglian Archaeology number 18: 50.
2 Rogerson A, 'Rural Settlement c400-1200', A Festival of Norfolk Archaeology, 1996, Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society: 58.
3 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 58.
4 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 53.
5 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 138.
6 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 140.
7 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 105.
8 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 106 & 129.
9 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 64.
10 Rye J, 'A popular guide to Norfolk place-names', 2000, Larks press: 54.
11 Rye J, 'A popular guide to Norfolk place-names', 2000, Larks press: various.
12 Rose E, 'Wayford Bridge Smallburgh', 1997, East Anglian Archaeology number III: 23-27.
13 Bond R, Penn K & Rogerson A, 'Norfolk Origins 4: The North Folk; Angles', 1990, Norfolk Museums Service: 54.
14 Green C, 'Broadland fords and causeways', 1961, Norfolk Archaeology number 32: 316 - 331.
15 Moss B, 'The Broads', 2001, Harper Collins: 109.
Chapter 5 - Happing in the early medieval era.
1 Gilchrist R, 'The religious houses of medieval Norfolk', A Festival of Norfolk Archaeology, 1996, Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society: 96.
2 Williamson T, 'The origins of Norfolk', 1993, Manchester University Press: 106.
3 Keats-Roham K, 'Domesday people', 1999, Boydell Press: 519.
4 'St Benet of Holme', unknown date, Norfolk Record Society Volume III, part II.
5 Armstrong, 'A History of Norfolk', 1781, Crowe of Norwich: 50.
6 Morris J, 'Domesday Book Norfolk', 1984, Phillimore: various.
7 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing', Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye II, 1792, Norris collection: 281.
8 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing', Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye II, 1792, Norris collection: 185 & 210.
9 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing', Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye II, 1792, Norris collection: 29.
Chapter 6 - Medieval Happing.
1 Snelling J, 'St Benet's Abbey', undated, Witley Press: 4, 9 & 15.
2 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 840.
3 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 841.
4 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 343.
5 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 320.
6 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 11, 1808, London: 325.
7 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 11, 1808, London: 342.
8 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 293.
9 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 294.
10 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 295.
11 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 104.
12 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 642.
13 Calendar of Close Rolls of Richard II: 138.
14 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 287.
15 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 76.
16 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 77.
17 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 298.
18 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 643.
19 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 243.
20 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 292.
21 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 343 (colours unknown).
22 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 332.
23 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 642.
24 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 290.
25 Blake W, 'Norfolk Manorial Lords in 1316', Norfolk Archaeology volume 30, 1952, 278.
26 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 232.
27 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 61.
28 Rutledge E, 'Medieval ports and later ports, trade and fishing up to 1600', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 78.
29 Rye W, "Norfolk Families volume II", 1792, Norris Collection, NRO ref: Rye II: 104.
30 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 350.
31 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 288/9.
32 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 349.
33 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 336.
34 Rye W, "Norfolk Families volume II", 1792, Norris Collection, NRO ref: Rye II: 971.
35 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 330.
36 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 320.
37 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 353.
38 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 331.
39 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 317.
40 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 317-319.
41 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 321.
42 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 176.
43 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 316-333.
44 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 331.
45 Dymond D, 'Medieval and later markets', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Witley Press: 76.
46 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 352.
47 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 338.
48 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 1.
49 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 328-9.
50 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 182.
51 Page W (ed), 'A history of the county of Norfolk, volume II', Victoria County History, 1906, London: 463.
52 Happisburgh church guide.
53 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 87.
54 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 159.
55 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 299.
56 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 301.
57 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 336.
58 Ludham church guide.
59 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 190.
60 Green C, 'Broadland fords and causeways', 1961, Norfolk Archaeology volume 32: 317 & 319.
61 Hickling church guide.
62 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 165.
63 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 303.
64 Page W (ed), 'A history of the county of Norfolk, volume II', Victoria County History, 1906, London: 384.
65 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 325.
66 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 346/7.
67 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 312.
68 Sinclair O, 'Potter Heigham - the heart of Broadland', 1989, Poppyland Publishing: 3.
69 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 299.
70 Sinclair O, 'Potter Heigham - the heart of Broadland', 1989, Poppyland Publishing: 4.
71 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 340/1.
72 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 312.
73 Cornford B, 'Medieval Flegg', 2002, Larks press: 14.
74 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 344.
75 Rye W, 'A History of the Hundred of Happing' Norfolk Records Office, ref Rye 3, vol II, 1792, Norris collection: 140.
76 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 124.
77 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 310.
78 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 161.
79 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 291.
80 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 111.
81 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 315.
82 Pevsner N, 'The Buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich', 1962, Penguin: 170.
83 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 11, 1808, London: 25.
84 Page W (ed), 'A history of the county of Norfolk, volume II', Victoria County History, 1906, London: 361.
85 Campbell B, 'Medieval arable and pastoral husbandry', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Witley Press: 50.
86 Blake W, 'Norfolk Manorial Lords in 1316', Norfolk Archaeology, volume 30, 1952: 277 & 8.
87 The Reverend Hudson, 'The assessment of the townships of the country of Norfolk for the King's tenths and Fifteenths as settled in 1334', Norfolk Archaeology, volume 12, 1895: 267.
88 Cornford B, 'Medieval Flegg', 2002, Larks Press: 138.
89 Cornford B, 'Medieval Flegg', 2002, Larks Press: 141.
90 The Reverend Jessop, 'The coming of the friars and other historical essays', 1888, Oxford University Press: unknown.
91 Campbell B, 'Medieval arable and pastoral husbandry', An Historic Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 26.
92 Cornford B, 'Medieval Flegg', 2002, Larks Press: 10.
93 MacDonald, 1984: 9.
94 Cornford B, 'Medieval Flegg', 2002, Larks Press: 158.
95 Public Record Office at Kew reference: KB 9/166/1.
96 Fawcett R, 'Medieval Masons', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Witley Press: 58.
97. Rye W, 'The Visistation of Norfolk', 1891, London: 66.
98. Norfolk Archaeology, volume XVII, 1910: 110.
99. Lambert J and Jennings J, 'The Making of the Broads', 1960, Royal Geographical Society research paper series III: 73-76.
100. Davison C & Pestell R, 'Wild Waxham', 2004, Norfolk Historic Buildings Trust: 20.
101. Davison C & Pestell R, 'Wild Waxham', 2004, Norfolk Historic Buildings Trust: 32.
Chapter 7 - Happing during the post medieval period.
1 Rutledge E, 'Kett's Rebellion', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Serves: 98.
2 Kent P, 'Armarda and 17th century defences', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 136.
3 Palgrave-Moore P, 'Parish registers', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 92.
4 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 290-351.
5 Blomefield F, 'An essay towards a topographical History of Norfolk', volume 9, 1808, London: 296.
6 Williamson T, 'The Norfolk Broads', 1997, Manchester University Press: 50.
7 Williamson T, 'The Norfolk Broads', 1997, Manchester University Press: 139.
8 Blackwood G, 'The gentry of Norfolk during the Civil war', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 106.
9 Sinclair O, 'Potter Heigham - the heart of Broadland', 1989, Poppyland Publishing: 6.
10 Williamson T, 'The Norfolk Broads', Manchester University Press, 1997: 80 & 146.
11 Barringer C, 'Tanners and Tanning', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 152.
12 Warren P, 'Education before 1750', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 118.
13 Wade-Martins, 'Voting in the late 18th century', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 120.
14 Dymond D, 'Workhouses before 1834': 142 and Digby A, 'Poor law unions and workhouses 1834 - 1930', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 144.
15 Pestell R, 'Palling - a history shaped by the sea', 1986, Poppyland: 4-7.
16 Pestell R, 'Palling - a history shaped by the sea', 1986, Poppyland: 8 & 12.
17 Pevsner P, 'The buildings of England - northeast Norfolk and Norwich, 1962, Penguin: 159
18 Tuner M, 'Parliamentary Enclosure', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 124.
19 Wade-Martins S, 'The riots of 1830', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 126.
20 Alderton D, 'Iron Foundries and Agricultural Engineers', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 160.
21 Williamson T, 'The Norfolk Broads', 1997, Manchester University Press: 143.
22 www.canals.btinternet.co.uk.
23 Williamson T, 'The Norfolk Broads', 1997, Manchester University Press: 108.
24 Joby R, 'Railways', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 148.
25 Whites directory of Norfolk, copies held at the Norfolk Records Office.
26 Wright J, 'Population change 1801-1851', An Historical Atlas of Norfolk, 1998, Norfolk Museums Service: 132.
27. Davison C & Pestell R, 'Wild Waxham', 2004, Norfolk Historic Buildings Trust: 22.
28. Davison C & Pestell R, 'Wild Waxham', 2004, Norfolk Historic Buildings Trust: 37.
29. Davison C & Pestell R, 'Wild Waxham', 2004, Norfolk Historic Buildings Trust: 38.
30. Davison C & Pestell R, 'Wild Waxham', 2004, Norfolk Historic Buildings Trust: 40.
Chapter 8 - William Faden's map of Happing dated 1797.
1 From the interpretation of Faden's map by Dr A Macnair.
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